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short 英 [ʃɔ:t] 　美 [ʃɔrt]

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short

short　英 [ʃɔ:t] 　美 [ʃɔrt]

adj. 短的；矮的，　 n. 短；缺乏；短裤　 adv. 不足；缺少　

进行时:shorting　过去式:shorted　过去分词:shorted　第三人称单数:shorts　名词复数:shorts　比较级:shorter　最高级:shortest　

a short skirt　短裙

a short break.　一个短假。

Short describes something that is not as long as usual. If your childhood bed is too short for you, your feet will dangle over the edge, and if a school day is short, you'll get out early.

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adj. 短的；矮的，
n. 短；缺乏；短裤
adv. 不足；缺少

1. a short skirt

短裙
2. a short break.

一个短假。
3. He is short and fat.

他又矮又胖。
4. They are, in short, old-fashioned.

他们，一句话，已经过时了。
5. Money was short at that time.

那时候，钱紧缺。

short (adj.) Old English sceort, scort "short, not long, not tall; brief," probably from Proto-Germanic *skurta- (source also of Old Norse skorta "to be short of," skort "shortness;" Old High German scurz "short"), from PIE root *sker- (1) "to cut," on the notion of "something cut off" (compare Sanskrit krdhuh "shortened, maimed, small;" Latin curtus "short," cordus "late-born," originally "stunted in growth;" Old Church Slavonic kratuku, Russian korotkij "short;" Lithuanian skursti "to be stunted," skardus "steep;" Old Irish cert "small," Middle Irish corr "stunted, dwarfish," all from the same root).
short (n.) 1580s, the short "the result, the total," from short (adj.). Meaning "electrical short circuit" first recorded 1906 (see short circuit). Meaning "contraction of a name or phrase" is from 1873 (as in for short). Slang meaning "car" is attested from 1897; originally "street car," so called because street cars (or the rides taken in them) were "shorter" than railroad cars.
short (v.) Old English sceortian "to grow short, become short; run short, fail," from the source of short (adj.). Transitive meaning "make short" is from late 12c. Meaning "to short-circuit" is by 1904. Related: Shorted; shorting.

short ★ / ʃɔːt ; NAmE ʃɔːrt / adjective , adverb , noun , verb short shorts shorted shorting shorter shortest adjective ★ ( short·er , short·est ) length/distance 长度；距离 1 ★ measuring or covering a small length or distance, or a smaller length or distance than usual 短的 ◆ He had short curly hair. 他有一头短鬈发。 ◆ a short walk 短距离步行 ◆ a short skirt 短裙 OPP long height 高度 2 ★ (of a person 人 ) small in height 个子矮的 ◆ She was short and dumpy. 她又矮又胖。 OPP tall time 时间 3 ★ lasting or taking a small amount of time or less time than usual 短的；短期的；短暂的 ◆ I'm going to France for a short break. 我打算去法国度个短假。 ◆ Which is the shortest day of the year? 一年中哪一天最短？ ◆ a short book (= taking a short time to read, because it does not have many pages) 一本小书 ◆ She has a very short memory (= remembers only things that have happened recently). 她的记性很短暂。 ◆ ( informal) Life's too shortto sit around moping. 人生苦短，不能整天坐在那儿自寻烦闷。 ◆ It was all over in a relatively short space of time. 不一会儿工夫就完全结束了。 OPP long 4 [only before noun ] (of a period of time 一段时间 ) seeming to have passed very quickly 短短的 ◆ Just two short years ago he was the best player in the country. 短短两年前，他还是全国最优秀的运动员。 OPP long not enough 不足 5 ★ [not before noun ] short(of sth) not having enough of sth; lacking sth 不足；短缺 ◆ I'm afraid I'm a little short (= of money)this month. 这个月我恐怕手头有点紧。 ◆ She is not short of excuses when things go wrong. 事情出了差错，她老有借口。 6 shorton sth ( informal) lacking or not having enough of a particular quality 缺乏，缺少（某种品质） ◆ He was a big strapping guy but short on brains. 他五大三粗，但头脑简单。 7 ★ [not before noun ] not easily available; not supplying as much as you need 紧俏；紧缺 ◆ Money was short at that time. 那时候，钱紧缺。 8 [not before noun ] short(of sth) less than the number, amount or distance mentioned or needed 少于；缺少；未达到 ◆ Her last throw was only three centimetres short of the world record. 她的最后一掷距世界纪录只差三厘米。 ◆ The team was five players short. 球队还缺五名球员。 ◆ She was just short of her 90th birthday when she died. 她去世时就快过 90 岁生日了。 of breath 呼吸 9 ~ of breath having difficulty breathing, for example because of illness （呼吸）短促，困难；（气）急 name/word 名称；单词 10 shortfor sth being a shorter form of a name or word 简略的；缩写的 ◆ Call me Jo—it's short for Joanna. 叫我乔好了，这是乔安娜的简称。 ◆ file transfer protocol or FTP for short *file transfer protocol （文件传输协议）或简称 FTP rude 无礼 11 [not before noun ] short(with sb) (of a person 人 ) speaking to sb using few words in a way that seems rude 简单粗暴；简慢无礼 ◆ I'm sorry I was short with you earlier—I had other things on my mind. 对不起，我刚才怠慢你了，我脑子里在想别的事。 vowel 元音 12 ( phonetics 语音 ) a shortvowel is pronounced for a shorter time than other vowels 短音的 ◆ Compare the short vowel in ‘full’ and the long vowel in ‘fool’. 比较 full 中的短元音和 fool 中的长元音。 OPP long ☞see also shortly ▶ short·ness / ʃɔːtnəs ; NAmE ʃɔːrtnəs / noun [uncountable ] ◆ She suffered from shortness of breath. 她患有气急的毛病。 IDIOMS a ˌbrick short of a ˈload, two ˌsandwiches short of a ˈpicnic, etc. ( informal) (of a person 人 ) stupid; not very intelligent 冒傻气的；不大聪明的 get the short end of the ˈstick ( NAmE) ( BrE ˌdraw the short ˈstraw ) to be the person in a group who is chosen or forced to perform an unpleasant duty or task 抽到倒霉签；被派做苦差事 give sb/sth/get short ˈshrift to give sb/get little attention or sympathy 不重视（或同情）；不受重视（或同情） have/be on a short ˈfuse to have a tendency to get angry quickly and easily 动辄发火；性情暴躁；脾气不好 ◆ You may find your temper on a short fuse when confronting your teenager. 对付十几岁的半大孩子，你可能动不动就会生气。 in ˌshort ˈorder quickly and without trouble 麻利；简单省事 in the ˈshort run concerning the immediate future 从短期来看；眼下 ◆ In the short run, unemployment may fall. 从短期来看，失业率可能降低。 in ˌshort supˈply not existing in large enough quantities to satisfy demand 不充裕；短缺；紧缺 ◆ Basic foodstuffs were in short supply. 基本食物紧缺。 ◆ Sunshine will be in short supply for the west coast. 西海岸将不会有充足的阳光。 little/nothing short of ˈsth used when you are saying that sth is almost true, or is equal to sth 可以说是；无异于；近乎 ◆ Last year's figures were little short of disastrous. 去年的数字简直是灾难。 ◆ The transformation has been nothing short of a miracle. 这种变化堪称奇迹。 make short ˈwork of sth/sb to defeat, deal with sth/sb quickly 干净利落地打败（或处理）；三下五除二就打垮（或解决） ◆ Liverpool made short work of the opposition (= in a football/ soccergame). 利物浦队干净利落地击败了对手。 ◆ He made short work of his lunch (= ate it quickly). 他三下两下吃完午饭。 ˌshort and ˈsweet ( informal) pleasant but not lasting a long time 短暂而美好；简明扼要；紧凑 ◆ We haven't much time so I'll keep it short and sweet. 我们时间不多，我就长话短说吧。 ☞more at draw v. , life n. , long adj. , measure n. , notice n. , term n. , thick adj. adverb ( short·er , short·est ) 1 if you go short ofor run short ofsth, you do not have enough of it 缺少；不足 ◆ I'd never let you go short of anything. 我什么都不会让你缺的。 ◆ Mothers regularly go short of food to ensure their children have enough. 为了保证自己的孩子吃饱饭，做母亲的经常忍饥捱饿。 ◆ They had run short of (= used most of their supply of)fuel. 他们燃料不够用了。 2 not as far as you need or expect 未达到；不及 ◆ All too often you pitch the ball short. 你投球老是距离不够。 3 before the time expected or arranged; before the natural time 中间（打断）；过早地（终止） ◆ a career tragically cut shortby illness 因病不幸中断的事业 ◆ I'm afraid I'm going to have to stopyou shortthere, as time is running out. 时间快到了，恐怕我得就此打断你了。 IDIOMS be caught ˈshort ( BrE also be taken ˈshort ) 1 ( BrE) ( informal) to suddenly feel an urgent need to go to the toilet/bathroom 突然感觉要上厕所；内急 2 to be put at a disadvantage 被置于不利地位 come ˈshort ( SAfrE) ( informal) to have an accident; to get into trouble 出事故；遇到麻烦 fall ˈshort of sth to fail to reach the standard that you expected or need 未达到；不符合 ◆ The hotel fell far short of their expectations. 旅馆远没有他们预期的那么好。 short of (doing) sth without sth; without doing sth; unless sth happens 没有；如果不；除非 ◆ Short of a miracle, we're certain to lose. 除非发生奇迹，否则我们输定了。 ◆ Short of asking her to leave (= and we don't want to do that)there's not a lot we can do about the situation. 要是不请她走，我们也就没有多少办法应付这种局面了。 pull, bring, etc. sb up ˈshort to make sb suddenly stop what they are doing 使某人突然停止 ◆ I was brought up short by a terrible thought. 一个可怕的念头闪过，我一下子愣住了。 ☞more at sell v. , stop v. noun ( informal) ☞see also shorts 1 ( BrE) a small strong alcoholic drink, for example of whisky 少量烈酒 2 a short film/movie, especially one that is shown before the main film （尤指在正片前放映的）电影短片 3 ( informal) = short circuit IDIOM in ˈshort in a few words 总之；简言之 ◆ His novels belong to a great but vanished age. They are, in short, old-fashioned. 他的小说属于一个辉煌但已逝去的时代。一句话，已经过时了。 ☞more at long adj. verb [intransitive , transitive ] short(sth) (out) ( informal) = short-circuit short / ʃɔːt ; NAmE ʃɔːrt / short·ness / ʃɔːtnəs ; NAmE ʃɔːrtnəs /

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