stiff
stiff 英 [stɪf] 美 [stɪf]
adj. 呆板的；坚硬的；僵硬的；严厉的；拘谨的；稠的；（价格）高昂的；（酒）烈性的 adv. 极其；僵硬地；彻底地 n. 死尸；令人讨厌者；流通票据；劳动者
名词复数:stiffs 比较级:stiffer 最高级:stiffest
- Stiff things don’t bend or move easily. Dead bodies and tree branches are often stiff, and your back might feel stiff if you sit for too long. But to stiff the wait staff is to skip the tip. Bad idea.
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- adj. 呆板的；坚硬的；僵硬的；严厉的；拘谨的；稠的；（价格）高昂的；（酒）烈性的
- adv. 极其；僵硬地；彻底地
- n. 死尸；令人讨厌者；流通票据；劳动者
- vt. 诈骗；失信
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1. He flexed his stiff arm slowly.
他慢慢地弯曲他那僵硬的手臂。
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2. In the classroom the teacher is stiff and stern but after class he unbends.
在教室中教师是拘谨而且严肃的，但在课后他便变得平易近人了。
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3. He has at bottom the feelings of a gentleman, but all these are plastered over with a stiff manner.
他内心富于有教养人的情感，但是全被他僵硬的举止掩盖了。
- stiff (adj.) Old English stif "rigid, inflexible," from Proto-Germanic *stifaz "inflexible" (source also of Dutch stijf, Old High German stif, German steif "stiff;" Old Norse stifla "choke"), from PIE *stipos-, from root *steip- "press together, pack, cram" (source also of Sanskrit styayate "coagulates," stima "slow;" Greek stia, stion "small stone," steibo "press together;" Latin stipare "pack down, press," stipes "post, tree trunk;" Lithuanian stipti "to stiffen, grow rigid," stiprus "strong;" Old Church Slavonic stena "wall"). Of battles and competitions, from mid-13c.; of liquor, from 1813. To keep a stiff upper lip is attested from 1815. Related: Stiffly.
- stiff (n.) "corpse, dead body," 1859, slang, from stiff (adj.) which had been associated with notion of rigor mortis since c. 1200. Meaning "working man" first recorded 1930, from earlier genitive sense of "contemptible person," but sometimes merely "man, fellow" (1882). Slang meaning "something or someone bound to lose" is 1890 (originally of racehorses), from notion of "corpse."
- stiff (v.) late 14c., "to make stiff," from stiff (adj.). Meaning "fail to tip" is from 1939, originally among restaurant and hotel workers, probably from stiff (n.), perhaps in slang sense of "corpse" (because dead men pay no tips), or from the "contemptible person" sense. Extended by 1950 to "cheat."
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